From many kinds of coffee that is sold in the market, there are only two main varieties, Coffea Arabica and Coffea Robusta. Each of them has their own uniqueness.
Arabica Coffee Bean
Coffee Arabica is a traditional coffee with the best flavor. Most of coffee are made of this kind of coffee bean. It come from Ethiopia and now has been cultivated in many parts of the world, start from Latin America, Central Africa, East Africa, India, and Indonesia. Usually, it grow in tropical or subtropical countries . Arabica growth at height 600-2000 m above the sea. This plant can grow up to 3 m when the environmental condition is good. Its optimal growth temperature is 18-26 o C. Coffee beans which is produced has a small size and colored green to dark red.
It is first found at Congo in 1898. Robusta can be said as a second class of coffee, because its flavor is more bitter, a bit sour, and contain caffeine in more level. Moreover, the coverage of growth area is wider than Arabica. Robusta can be grown in height 800 m above the sea. Moreover, this coffee is more resistant to pests. This makes Robusta cheaper than Arabica. Robusta is grown in West Africa, Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America.
Luwak Coffee
Other coffee is derivative or sub-varieties of Arabica and Robusta. Usually in each coffee producing regions have their own uniqueness and make them as a sub-varieties. One of them is Luwak Coffee from Indonesia.
Luwak coffee is a coffee with the highest sell price in the world. Its formation process and unique flavor be the main reason for the high price. Essentially, this coffee is Arabica. This coffee bean was being eaten by Luwak (Asian palm civet). But, not all coffee beans can be digested by the animal. The inner of the beans then came out with its scats. Because it has survived long in the digestive tract, this beans has been fermented by natural bacteria in the stomach of Luwak which then give a unique additional flavors.
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